NTPsec

crane3.services.mbix.ca

Report generated: Sat Oct 10 03:53:01 2026 UTC
Start Time: Fri Oct 9 03:53:01 2026 UTC
End Time: Sat Oct 10 03:53:01 2026 UTC
Report Period: 1.0 days

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Local Clock Time/Frequency Offsets

local offset plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Time Offset -38.789 -23.848 -17.986 -3.112 28.479 39.139 71.471 46.465 62.987 13.974 0.013 µs -3.072 7.011
Local Clock Frequency Offset 78.517 78.535 78.547 78.589 78.699 78.718 78.761 0.152 0.183 0.049 78.605 ppm 4.073e+09 6.504e+12

The time and frequency offsets between the ntpd calculated time and the local system clock. Showing frequency offset (red, in parts per million, scale on right) and the time offset (blue, in μs, scale on left). Quick changes in time offset will lead to larger frequency offsets.

These are fields 3 (time) and 4 (frequency) from the loopstats log file.



Local RMS Time Jitter

local jitter plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local RMS Time Jitter 5.745 9.167 11.206 18.219 26.148 29.755 38.953 14.942 20.588 4.605 18.383 µs 36.04 140.2

The RMS Jitter of the local clock offset. In other words, how fast the local clock offset is changing.

Lower is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0μs.

RMS jitter is field 5 in the loopstats log file.



Local RMS Frequency Jitter

local stability plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local RMS Frequency Jitter 2.610 3.481 4.185 6.589 9.298 10.627 14.494 5.113 7.146 1.558 6.644 ppb 44.96 185.1

The RMS Frequency Jitter (aka wander) of the local clock's frequency. In other words, how fast the local clock changes frequency.

Lower is better. An ideal clock would be a horizontal line at 0ppm.

RMS Frequency Jitter is field 6 in the loopstats log file.



Local Clock Time Offset Histogram

local offset histogram plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Offset -38.789 -23.848 -17.986 -3.112 28.479 39.139 71.471 46.465 62.987 13.974 0.013 µs -3.072 7.011

The clock offsets of the local clock as a histogram.

The Local Clock Offset is field 3 from the loopstats log file.



Local Temperatures

local temps plot

Local temperatures. These will be site-specific depending upon what temperature sensors you collect data from. Temperature changes affect the local clock crystal frequency and stability. The math of how temperature changes frequency is complex, and also depends on crystal aging. So there is no easy way to correct for it in software. This is the single most important component of frequency drift.

The Local Temperatures are from field 3 from the tempstats log file.



Local Frequency/Temp

local freq temps plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Frequency Offset 78.517 78.535 78.547 78.589 78.699 78.718 78.761 0.152 0.183 0.049 78.605 ppm 4.073e+09 6.504e+12
Temp LM0 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 41.000 3.000 4.000 0.937 39.365 °C
Temp LM1 34.000 34.000 34.000 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 3.000 4.000 0.978 35.603 °C
Temp LM10 34.000 34.000 35.000 36.000 38.000 38.000 38.000 3.000 4.000 0.938 36.085 °C
Temp LM2 32.000 32.000 33.000 34.000 35.000 36.000 36.000 2.000 4.000 0.840 33.801 °C
Temp LM3 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 41.000 3.000 4.000 0.910 39.344 °C
Temp LM4 34.000 35.000 35.000 36.000 36.000 37.000 38.000 1.000 2.000 0.618 35.553 °C
Temp LM5 62.000 63.000 63.000 63.000 64.000 64.000 64.000 1.000 1.000 0.385 63.170 °C
Temp LM6 40.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 44.000 44.000 2.000 4.000 0.781 42.053 °C
Temp LM7 38.000 39.000 39.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 43.000 3.000 4.000 0.802 40.798 °C
Temp LM8 38.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 42.000 42.000 43.000 3.000 4.000 0.873 40.762 °C
Temp LM9 37.000 37.000 38.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 42.000 3.000 5.000 0.827 39.574 °C
Temp ZONE0 40.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 44.000 44.000 2.000 4.000 0.781 42.160 °C
Temp ZONE1 37.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 42.000 3.000 4.000 0.986 39.379 °C

The frequency offsets and temperatures. Showing frequency offset (red, in parts per million, scale on right) and the temperatures.

These are field 4 (frequency) from the loopstats log file, and field 3 from the tempstats log file.



Server Offsets

peer offsets plot

The offset of all refclocks and servers. This can be useful to see if offset changes are happening in a single clock or all clocks together.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 132.246.11.227

peer offset 132.246.11.227 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 132.246.11.227 585.263 640.464 657.448 748.357 827.067 856.068 882.608 169.619 215.604 50.054 746.179 µs 2732 3.857e+04

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 142.3.100.2

peer offset 142.3.100.2 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 142.3.100.2 -63.690 -58.000 -41.117 -1.100 42.907 63.904 74.060 84.024 121.904 25.602 -0.502 µs -3.93 9.388

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com)

peer offset 2600:2600::199 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com) 326.460 329.101 338.898 369.755 399.861 409.948 420.414 60.963 80.847 17.861 369.985 µs 7722 1.534e+05

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca)

peer offset 2602:fde5:2a::13 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca) 8.333 8.347 8.355 8.377 8.410 8.423 8.435 0.056 0.075 0.017 8.379 ms 1.113e+08 5.356e+10

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com)

peer offset 2606:4700:f1::1 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com) -966.144 -775.416 -639.468 -431.141 -255.574 -66.827 305.818 383.894 708.589 138.347 -438.814 µs -84.73 407.8

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu)

peer offset 2607:f388::123:1 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu) -570.378 -562.720 -529.976 -475.997 -340.767 -250.994 -245.485 189.209 311.726 56.405 -466.844 µs -824.2 7856

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset PPS(0)

peer offset PPS(0) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset PPS(0) -38.790 -23.849 -17.987 -3.113 28.480 39.140 71.472 46.467 62.989 13.974 0.013 µs -3.073 7.011

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitters

peer jitters plot

The RMS Jitter of all refclocks and servers. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 132.246.11.227

peer jitter 132.246.11.227 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 132.246.11.227 0.041 0.052 0.072 0.284 1.680 3.534 4.697 1.608 3.482 0.661 0.475 ms 2.73 14.52

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 142.3.100.2

peer jitter 142.3.100.2 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 142.3.100.2 10.501 16.118 19.792 41.346 87.978 988.706 2,515.027 68.186 972.588 179.284 67.844 µs 8.012 102.4

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com)

peer jitter 2600:2600::199 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com) 6.146 7.486 9.595 20.326 40.471 54.161 62.967 30.876 46.675 9.628 22.073 µs 7.104 22.78

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca)

peer jitter 2602:fde5:2a::13 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca) 7.271 7.760 10.205 22.289 44.255 101.754 816.644 34.050 93.994 47.779 26.654 µs 13.86 225.9

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com)

peer jitter 2606:4700:f1::1 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com) 9.903 11.076 15.261 36.894 191.395 470.986 715.520 176.134 459.910 80.696 58.915 µs 3.665 22.36

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu)

peer jitter 2607:f388::123:1 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu) 5.640 8.221 11.349 25.632 66.952 720.411 725.256 55.603 712.190 94.344 44.230 µs 4.076 26.98

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter PPS(0)

peer jitter PPS(0) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter PPS(0) 2.068 4.927 7.142 16.978 34.934 43.974 72.156 27.792 39.047 8.435 18.414 µs 6.233 19.72

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Summary


Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Frequency Offset 78.517 78.535 78.547 78.589 78.699 78.718 78.761 0.152 0.183 0.049 78.605 ppm 4.073e+09 6.504e+12
Local Clock Time Offset -38.789 -23.848 -17.986 -3.112 28.479 39.139 71.471 46.465 62.987 13.974 0.013 µs -3.072 7.011
Local RMS Frequency Jitter 2.610 3.481 4.185 6.589 9.298 10.627 14.494 5.113 7.146 1.558 6.644 ppb 44.96 185.1
Local RMS Time Jitter 5.745 9.167 11.206 18.219 26.148 29.755 38.953 14.942 20.588 4.605 18.383 µs 36.04 140.2
Server Jitter 132.246.11.227 0.041 0.052 0.072 0.284 1.680 3.534 4.697 1.608 3.482 0.661 0.475 ms 2.73 14.52
Server Jitter 142.3.100.2 10.501 16.118 19.792 41.346 87.978 988.706 2,515.027 68.186 972.588 179.284 67.844 µs 8.012 102.4
Server Jitter 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com) 6.146 7.486 9.595 20.326 40.471 54.161 62.967 30.876 46.675 9.628 22.073 µs 7.104 22.78
Server Jitter 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca) 7.271 7.760 10.205 22.289 44.255 101.754 816.644 34.050 93.994 47.779 26.654 µs 13.86 225.9
Server Jitter 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com) 9.903 11.076 15.261 36.894 191.395 470.986 715.520 176.134 459.910 80.696 58.915 µs 3.665 22.36
Server Jitter 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu) 5.640 8.221 11.349 25.632 66.952 720.411 725.256 55.603 712.190 94.344 44.230 µs 4.076 26.98
Server Jitter PPS(0) 2.068 4.927 7.142 16.978 34.934 43.974 72.156 27.792 39.047 8.435 18.414 µs 6.233 19.72
Server Offset 132.246.11.227 585.263 640.464 657.448 748.357 827.067 856.068 882.608 169.619 215.604 50.054 746.179 µs 2732 3.857e+04
Server Offset 142.3.100.2 -63.690 -58.000 -41.117 -1.100 42.907 63.904 74.060 84.024 121.904 25.602 -0.502 µs -3.93 9.388
Server Offset 2600:2600::199 (ntp2.wiktel.com) 326.460 329.101 338.898 369.755 399.861 409.948 420.414 60.963 80.847 17.861 369.985 µs 7722 1.534e+05
Server Offset 2602:fde5:2a::13 (ntp3.torix.ca) 8.333 8.347 8.355 8.377 8.410 8.423 8.435 0.056 0.075 0.017 8.379 ms 1.113e+08 5.356e+10
Server Offset 2606:4700:f1::1 (time.cloudflare.com) -966.144 -775.416 -639.468 -431.141 -255.574 -66.827 305.818 383.894 708.589 138.347 -438.814 µs -84.73 407.8
Server Offset 2607:f388::123:1 (ntp1.doit.wisc.edu) -570.378 -562.720 -529.976 -475.997 -340.767 -250.994 -245.485 189.209 311.726 56.405 -466.844 µs -824.2 7856
Server Offset PPS(0) -38.790 -23.849 -17.987 -3.113 28.480 39.140 71.472 46.467 62.989 13.974 0.013 µs -3.073 7.011
Temp LM0 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 41.000 3.000 4.000 0.937 39.365 °C
Temp LM1 34.000 34.000 34.000 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 3.000 4.000 0.978 35.603 °C
Temp LM10 34.000 34.000 35.000 36.000 38.000 38.000 38.000 3.000 4.000 0.938 36.085 °C
Temp LM2 32.000 32.000 33.000 34.000 35.000 36.000 36.000 2.000 4.000 0.840 33.801 °C
Temp LM3 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 41.000 3.000 4.000 0.910 39.344 °C
Temp LM4 34.000 35.000 35.000 36.000 36.000 37.000 38.000 1.000 2.000 0.618 35.553 °C
Temp LM5 62.000 63.000 63.000 63.000 64.000 64.000 64.000 1.000 1.000 0.385 63.170 °C
Temp LM6 40.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 44.000 44.000 2.000 4.000 0.781 42.053 °C
Temp LM7 38.000 39.000 39.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 43.000 3.000 4.000 0.802 40.798 °C
Temp LM8 38.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 42.000 42.000 43.000 3.000 4.000 0.873 40.762 °C
Temp LM9 37.000 37.000 38.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 42.000 3.000 5.000 0.827 39.574 °C
Temp ZONE0 40.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 44.000 44.000 2.000 4.000 0.781 42.160 °C
Temp ZONE1 37.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 41.000 41.000 42.000 3.000 4.000 0.986 39.379 °C
Summary as CSV file


Glossary:

frequency offset:
The difference between the ntpd calculated frequency and the local system clock frequency (usually in parts per million, ppm)
jitter, dispersion:
The short term change in a value. NTP measures Local Time Jitter, Refclock Jitter, and Server Jitter in seconds. Local Frequency Jitter is in ppm or ppb.
kurtosis, Kurt:
The kurtosis of a random variable X is the fourth standardized moment and is a dimension-less ratio. ntpviz uses the Pearson's moment coefficient of kurtosis. A normal distribution has a kurtosis of three. NIST describes a kurtosis over three as "heavy tailed" and one under three as "light tailed".
ms, millisecond:
One thousandth of a second = 0.001 seconds, 1e-3 seconds
mu, mean:
The arithmetic mean: the sum of all the values divided by the number of values. The formula for mu is: "mu = (∑xi) / N". Where xi denotes the data points and N is the number of data points.
ns, nanosecond:
One billionth of a second, also one thousandth of a microsecond, 0.000000001 seconds and 1e-9 seconds.
percentile:
The value below which a given percentage of values fall.
ppb, parts per billion:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ppb, one in one billion, 1/1,000,000,000, 0.000,000,001, 1e-9 and 0.000,000,1%
ppm, parts per million:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ppm, one in one million, 1/1,000,000, 0.000,001, and 0.000,1%
‰, parts per thousand:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ‰. one in one thousand, 1/1,000, 0.001, and 0.1%
refclock:
Reference clock, a local GPS module or other local source of time.
remote clock:
Any clock reached over the network, LAN or WAN. Also called a peer or server.
time offset:
The difference between the ntpd calculated time and the local system clock's time. Also called phase offset.
σ, sigma:
Sigma denotes the standard deviation (SD) and is centered on the arithmetic mean of the data set. The SD is simply the square root of the variance of the data set. Two sigma is simply twice the standard deviation. Three sigma is three times sigma. Smaller is better.
The formula for sigma is: "σ = √[ ∑(xi-mu)^2 / N ]". Where xi denotes the data points and N is the number of data points.
skewness, Skew:
The skewness of a random variable X is the third standardized moment and is a dimension-less ratio. ntpviz uses the Pearson's moment coefficient of skewness. Wikipedia describes it best: "The qualitative interpretation of the skew is complicated and unintuitive."
A normal distribution has a skewness of zero.
upstream clock:
Any server or reference clock used as a source of time.
µs, us, microsecond:
One millionth of a second, also one thousandth of a millisecond, 0.000,001 seconds, and 1e-6 seconds.



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